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Teichoic acids in pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus

J G Nagel, J N Sheagren, C U Tuazon

    Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    |September 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis strains predominantly produce beta-ribitol teichoic acid (TA). Patients develop stronger, longer-lasting antibodies against beta-TA than alpha-TA, indicating its significance in immune response.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of endocarditis.
    • Ribitol teichoic acids (TA) are cell wall components of Gram-positive bacteria, including S. aureus.
    • Understanding the immunogenicity of different TA types is crucial for diagnosing and managing S. aureus infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the production of alpha- and beta-ribitol teichoic acid (TA) by Staphylococcus aureus strains from endocarditis patients.
    • To assess the antibody response to alpha- and beta-TA in these patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-six S. aureus strains from endocarditis patients were analyzed.
    • Highly specific anti-TA antibodies were generated in rabbits.
    • Counterimmunoelectrophoresis was employed to detect and quantify alpha- and beta-TA production.

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  • Antibodies against TA in patient sera were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • All studied S. aureus strains produced beta-ribitol teichoic acid (TA), with it being the predominant form.
    • Alpha-TA was also produced by all strains, but in lower quantities and with significant variation.
    • Patients' sera showed higher titers and longer persistence of antibodies against beta-TA compared to anti-alpha-TA antibodies.
    • Antibodies against at least one TA type were detected in 25 out of 26 patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Beta-ribitol teichoic acid is the primary TA antigen produced by S. aureus strains associated with endocarditis.
    • The immune response in patients with S. aureus endocarditis is stronger and more sustained against beta-TA.
    • These findings highlight the importance of beta-TA as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in S. aureus endocarditis.