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Juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder
Objective:
To describe the characteristics of a series of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and evaluate the outcome of treatment.
Method:
Type of symptoms, severity before and after treatment and factors associated with outcome were examined in a large group (n = 82) of consecutive OCD cases referred for treatment.
Results:
Most children (95%) had both obsessions and compulsions. Symptoms had been present for 2 years on average. Seventy-one per cent (n = 57) of all eligible patients completed a combined behavioural and pharmacological protocol. Among these, there was a 68% remission rate and a 60% decrease of symptoms at 4 weeks. Comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder and high aggression scores were associated with poor outcome.
Conclusions:
Juvenile OCD can be treated effectively in a standard clinical setting. Treatment programs of the kind described are accepted by young people. It remains to be seen whether in this age group a combined treatment produces better results than medication alone or cognitive-behaviour therapy alone.