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Cerebral palsy

K W Dabney1, G E Lipton, F Miller

  • 1Alfred l. duPont Institute, Wilmington, DE 19899, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Cerebral palsy results from early brain damage affecting motor control. Management focuses on posture, hip health, spinal deformity, and maximizing function through interventions like gait analysis and spasticity control.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) originates from static lesions in the cerebral motor cortex before, during, or shortly after birth.
  • Causes include cerebral anoxia, hemorrhage, infection, and genetic syndromes.
  • CP is classified by movement type (spastic, athetoid) or body part involvement (hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the comprehensive management of cerebral palsy.
  • To detail orthopedic concerns for both nonambulatory and ambulatory patients.
  • To review current orthopedic interventions and spasticity management techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Multidisciplinary team approach involving pediatricians and orthopedists.
  • Focus on posture, hip dislocation prevention (spastic hip disease), and spinal deformity correction.
  • Utilizing computerized gait analysis for ambulatory patients to guide orthotic or surgical treatment.

Main Results:

  • For nonambulatory patients, priorities include posture, preventing hip dislocation, and custodial care.
  • For ambulatory patients, maximizing function is key, aided by gait analysis.
  • Orthopedic interventions for upper extremity involvement and spasticity control methods are reviewed.

Conclusions:

  • Effective cerebral palsy care requires a coordinated team approach.
  • Addressing orthopedic issues like spastic hip disease and scoliosis is crucial.
  • Advanced treatments like selective dorsal rhizotomy and botulinum toxin offer improved spasticity management.

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