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Hereditary ovarian cancer

A A Langston1, E A Ostrander

  • 1Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Most hereditary ovarian cancers are linked to autosomal dominant syndromes, primarily involving BRCA1 gene mutations. Other susceptibility genes include BRCA2, p53, and DNA mismatch repair genes.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Hereditary Cancer Syndromes

Background:

  • Ovarian cancer can be inherited through autosomal dominant syndromes.
  • Three main syndromes are associated: familial site-specific ovarian cancer, familial breast and ovarian cancer, and hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the genetic basis of hereditary ovarian cancer syndromes.
  • To summarize the genes implicated in inherited susceptibility to ovarian cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on autosomal dominant cancer syndromes.
  • Analysis of genetic mutations associated with familial ovarian cancer.

Main Results:

  • Most familial breast-ovarian and site-specific ovarian cancer cases are attributed to BRCA1 gene mutations.

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  • Other genes contributing to inherited ovarian cancer risk include BRCA2, p53, and DNA mismatch repair genes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Genetic mutations, particularly in BRCA1, play a significant role in hereditary ovarian cancer.
    • Understanding these genetic factors is crucial for risk assessment and management of ovarian cancer.