Lymphatic filariasis in immigrants from developing countries

Lymphatic filariasis is caused by a nematodal infection with Wuchereria or Brugia species. It occurs in endemic areas throughout the tropical parts of the world, with a predilection for developing countries where poor socioeconomic conditions are favorable for mosquito vector breeding. Between 1983 and 1993, more than 3 million immigrants to the United States reported their native residence to be a country with areas of endemic filariasis. These immigrants comprise approximately 1 percent of the U.S. population. Thus, it is likely that patients with lymphatic filariasis present within the American health care system and may be overlooked. The primary care physician should be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures and treatment of lymphatic filariasis.