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Asymptomatic optic disc edema

R N Gordon1, R M Burde, T Slamovits

  • 1Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, New York 10467, USA.

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology : the Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION-na) can present with minimal symptoms, such as optic disc swelling without vision loss. This suggests a broader clinical spectrum for AION-na than previously recognized.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION-na) is typically characterized by sudden visual loss, altitudinal visual field defects, and optic nerve swelling.
  • AION-na is presumed to result from an ischemic event affecting the optic nerve head.

Observation:

  • Two patients at risk for AION-na presented with optic disc edema.
  • Neither patient experienced visual loss or visual field defects during follow-up periods of one and two years.
  • Optic disc edema resolved spontaneously in both affected eyes.

Findings:

  • The clinical presentation of AION-na may exist on a spectrum, ranging from severe, classic attacks to a milder form with only optic disc swelling.
  • The extent and location of optic nerve ischemia likely dictate the clinical manifestation.

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  • The absence of vision loss in these cases may indicate graded axonal atrophy and mechanical optic nerve decompression.

    • Implications:

    • The findings expand the recognized clinical spectrum of AION-na.
    • This suggests that some individuals may experience subclinical ischemic events in the optic nerve without permanent visual impairment.
    • Further research into the pathophysiology and risk factors for AION-na is warranted.