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Pulmonary microlithiasis. Report of two cases

S Mariotta1, L Guidi, P Mattia

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari e Respiratorie, Università La Sapienza, Italia.

Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare lung disease. This report details two familial cases, highlighting diagnostic imaging and limited treatment options like broncho-alveolar lavages.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Rare Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare condition.
  • Characterized by calcispherites in lung alveoli.
  • Often asymptomatic initially, progressing to fibrosis and cardiac failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two familial cases of Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches and therapeutic interventions for PAM.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two patients with familial PAM.
  • Diagnostic imaging: Chest X-ray and high-resolution computed tomography.
  • Therapeutic interventions: Broncho-alveolar lavages (BAL) and sodium etidronate.

Main Results:

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  • Familial PAM diagnosed via characteristic imaging findings.
  • One patient developed exertional dyspnea, cyanosis, and cough.
  • BAL provided symptomatic improvement; sodium etidronate showed no change on imaging.

Conclusions:

  • PAM diagnosis relies heavily on imaging.
  • Broncho-alveolar lavages may offer temporary symptom relief.
  • Effective long-term treatments for PAM are still under investigation.