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A novel delta-subdivision proteobacterial lineage from the lower ocean surface layer
T D Wright1, K L Vergin, P W Boyd
1Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|April 1, 1997
Summary
A novel bacterial lineage, SAR324, affiliated with delta-Proteobacteria, was discovered in the deep ocean. This group is widespread in the lower ocean surface layer, suggesting specialized microbial communities.
Area of Science:
- Marine microbiology
- Oceanography
- Bacteriology
Background:
- The lower ocean surface layer harbors largely uncharacterized microbial communities.
- Previous studies identified abundant bacterioplankton groups but missed novel lineages.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel bacterial lineages in the deep ocean using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
- To determine the distribution and phylogenetic placement of the newly discovered SAR324 lineage.
Main Methods:
- Construction of a 16S rRNA gene clone library from Sargasso Sea water.
- Random sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons.
- Phylogenetic analysis and oligonucleotide probe hybridization.
Main Results:
- Discovery of the SAR324 lineage, affiliated with delta-Proteobacteria.
- SAR324 sequences constituted 5.4% of the clone library (8/148 clones).
- The SAR324 group was found to be stratified in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans between 160 and 500 m.
Conclusions:
- The SAR324 lineage represents a significant component of the deep ocean bacterioplankton.
- Its widespread, stratified distribution suggests a specialized ecological role.
- The deep ocean's lower surface layer may host functionally specialized microbial communities.