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Proteins and bone health

J P Bonjour1, M A Schürch, R Rizzoli

  • 1World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.

Pathologie-Biologie
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Adequate protein intake is crucial for bone health in elderly individuals, especially after hip fractures. Nutritional supplementation, particularly protein, can improve recovery, reduce complications, and prevent further bone loss in undernourished patients.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Osteoporosis-related hip fractures pose significant health and financial burdens.
  • Nutritional deficiencies, particularly low protein intake, are linked to poor bone integrity and increased fracture risk in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of nutritional status, specifically protein intake, on bone health and clinical outcomes in elderly hip fracture patients.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of nutritional supplementation in improving recovery and preventing bone loss.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed nutritional intake (protein, energy) and bone mineral density (BMD) in hospitalized elderly patients with hip fractures.
  • Compared clinical outcomes (complication rate, hospital stay) in patients receiving nutritional supplementation versus usual care.

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  • Examined the relationship between protein intake normalization and changes in BMD and physical performance.

    • Main Results:

    • Undernourished elderly patients with hip fractures exhibited low protein intake and reduced femoral neck BMD.
    • Daily oral nutritional supplements, normalizing protein intake, significantly reduced complication rates and hospital stay duration.
    • Protein intake normalization, independent of other nutrients, improved clinical outcomes and potentially prevented further bone loss in cortical bone.

    Conclusions:

    • Restoring adequate protein intake is vital for improving bone integrity and clinical outcomes in undernourished elderly hip fracture patients.
    • Nutritional interventions targeting protein intake may enhance recovery and mitigate long-term bone loss, possibly via increased IGF-1 levels.