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Related Experiment Videos

[Diphtheria booster immunization for adults]

H M Hasselhorn1, M Nübling, F W Tiller

  • 1Arbeitsmedizin-Personalambulanz des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg.

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|March 7, 1997
PubMed
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Adults lacking diphtheria antibody protection need booster shots. Two doses, spaced over 8 weeks, are recommended for lasting immunity, especially for women who show a lower initial response.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Nearly 50% of German adults lack measurable antibody protection against diphtheria.
  • Childhood vaccination wanes over time, leaving adults susceptible.
  • Re-evaluation of adult diphtheria vaccination strategies is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate optimal diphtheria vaccination schedules for adults.
  • To determine the effectiveness of booster doses in achieving lasting immunity.
  • To identify factors influencing antibody response in adults.

Main Methods:

  • 100 adults (mean age 27.7 years) with last vaccination >10 years prior received up to three monovalent diphtheria booster doses.
  • Diphtheria antitoxin levels were measured using a cell-culture neutralization test before and after vaccinations.

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  • Vaccination intervals were maintained at 4-8 weeks.

    • Main Results:

    • Initial protection varied, with 46% having no measurable protection (<0.01 IU/ml).
    • Women showed lower pre- and post-vaccination antitoxin levels compared to men.
    • Two booster doses achieved protective antitoxin levels (>0.1 IU/ml) in all subjects, including women who initially responded less robustly.

    Conclusions:

    • Adults vaccinated over 20 years ago require two diphtheria booster shots, at least 8 weeks apart, for optimal and sustained antitoxin levels.
    • Women may particularly benefit from two booster doses due to a generally lower antibody response.
    • This strategy aims to restore and maintain protective immunity against diphtheria in the adult population.