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[Analysis of the 50g glucose test at the National Institute of Perinatology]
Insights
The 50g glucose screen test (GST) effectively identifies gestational diabetes (GD) in pregnant patients. This screening helps prevent neonatal risks associated with GD, a common condition.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Perinatology
Context:
- Gestational diabetes (GD) is prevalent and linked to significant perinatal complications.
- Accurate screening is crucial for managing maternal-fetal health and preventing neonatal risks.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of the 50g glucose screen test (GST) for identifying gestational diabetes (GD).
- To determine the frequency of GD at the National Institute of Perinatology.
- To assess the utility of GST in preventing neonatal complications.
Summary:
- A one-year prospective study involved 144 pregnant patients (24-28 weeks gestation).
- All patients underwent a 50g GST; positive results (≥140 mg/dl) were followed by a 100g glucose tolerance test (GTT).
- The 50g GST identified 23% of patients with potential GD, with GTT confirming GD in 10.7% and revealing other gestational alterations.
Impact:
- The 50g GST is confirmed as a valuable screening tool for detecting carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities during pregnancy.
- Early identification of GD through effective screening can lead to timely interventions, mitigating neonatal risks.
- This study contributes to optimizing GD screening protocols in perinatology settings.
Abstract:
Gestational diabetes (GD), is a common illness in our country, that is associated with high perinatal morbi-mortality. The objective of this study is to assess the utility of the 50 g glucose screen test (GST) to know the frequency of GD at the National Institute of Perinatology, for preventing the neonatal risks associated with this pathology. For that reason, we performed a one year prospective study including 144 pregnant patients between 24-28 weeks of gestation. All of the patients undergo the 50g GST, and those with results or = to 140 mg/dl were followed by the glucose tolerance test (GTT). This GTT was performed with 100g of glucose and then blood samples were taken at fasting time, later at 60-120-180 minutes respectively. Of the total of 144 patients, 33 (23%), resulted with a positive GST. The GTT confirms the GD in 10.7% of the patients, and an equal proportion of gestational alterations to the GTT was observed. It is concluded that the 50 g GST is the best screening test to identify alterations of the carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy.