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Urinary tract infection--prenatal diagnosis and neonatal follow-up by ultrasound
A Anadoliyska1, A Bueva, S Marinova
1Clinic of Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
Insights
Ultrasound (US) screening during pregnancy effectively identifies fetal urinary tract malformations (UTMs). This reliable prenatal diagnostic tool confirmed 17 of 18 detected abnormalities, demonstrating high accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pediatric Urology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract malformations (UTMs) is crucial for timely intervention.
- Antenatal ultrasound (US) is a primary screening tool for identifying fetal anomalies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of antenatal ultrasound in a at-risk population for detecting urinary tract malformations.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 18 cases with fetal urinary abnormalities detected via antenatal ultrasound.
- Confirmation of prenatal diagnosis through postnatal examination.
Main Results:
- Antenatal US accurately diagnosed 17 out of 18 cases of fetal urinary abnormalities.
- Diagnoses included hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grades III-V, multicystic kidney, megacyst, posterior urethral valves, and polycystic kidney disease.
- One case of false positive diagnosis occurred; no false negative diagnoses were reported.
Conclusions:
- Antenatal ultrasound is a valuable and reliable tool for the prenatal diagnosis of urinary tract malformations.
- The study highlights the high diagnostic accuracy of US in identifying a spectrum of fetal urinary tract anomalies.
Abstract:
US screening in pregnancy is the most useful and reliable examination for prenatal diagnosis. It permits the identification of a larger proportion of urinary tract malformations (UTM). The present study was undertaken to assess the diagnostic accuracy of antenatal US in risk population. The authors report 18 cases of fetal urinary abnormalities revealed by US. In 17 infants the prenatal diagnosis was confirmed precisely revealing: hydronephrosis-2 cases, VUR III-V degree--5 cases, multicystic kidney--3 cases, megacyst--3 cases, posterior urethral valves and VUR-2 cases and polycystic disease--2 cases. A false positive diagnosis in utero occurred in one case. There were no false negative diagnoses. US is a valuable tool in antenatal diagnosis of UTM.