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Speckle coherence and implications for adaptive imaging

W F Walker1, G E Trahey

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
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Tissue speed of sound variations degrade ultrasound images. This study analyzes speckle signal correlation to improve phase aberration correction, finding it more challenging than previously thought for 1.5-D arrays.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Acoustics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ultrasound image quality is degraded by tissue speed of sound inhomogeneities.
  • These inhomogeneities can be modeled as time delay screens, requiring compensating delays for correction.
  • Accurate correction depends on estimating arrival time differences, limited by speckle signal correlation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive analytical expressions for speckle signal correlation in pulse echo systems with near-field phase aberrations.
  • To investigate the impact of aberrations on the accuracy of delay estimation.
  • To propose methods for improving speckle correlation and aberration correction.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of analytical expressions for speckle signal correlation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of correlation for point and larger receive elements.
  • Simulations to validate theoretical predictions.
  • Comparison with the Van Cittert-Zernike Theorem.

    • Main Results:

    • Analytical expressions predict speckle signal correlation in the presence of near-field phase aberrations.
    • Low correlation between echoes received by adjacent elements in elevation for 1.5-D arrays complicates aberration correction.
    • Simulations show good agreement with theoretical predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • Near-field phase aberration correction may be more difficult than anticipated due to low speckle correlation.
    • Transmit aperture amplitude apodization and a translating aperture technique can improve speckle correlation.
    • Further research is needed to optimize aberration correction strategies.