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Advances in electrical assist devices

V Poirier, D Gernes, M Szycher

    Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers developed advanced electrically driven left ventricular assist systems (LVAS), achieving significant size and weight reductions. These improved LVAS offer enhanced efficiency and longevity, marking a breakthrough in cardiac assist technology.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cardiovascular Devices
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Electrically driven left ventricular assist systems (LVAS) are crucial for treating heart failure.
    • Previous LVAS designs faced limitations in size, weight, efficiency, and longevity.
    • Advancements in materials and electrical components are needed to overcome these challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a significantly improved electrically driven left ventricular assist system (LVAS).
    • To enhance system efficiency, reduce size and weight, and increase operational lifespan.
    • To explore novel materials and component designs for next-generation cardiac assist devices.

    Main Methods:

    • Engineered a novel brushless commutator to replace traditional brushes, enhancing system durability.

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  • Synthesized a new biocompatible polyurethane with high flex life for the Total Mechanical Support (TMS) system.
  • Optimized the electrical drive components for reduced power consumption.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved a 46% volume reduction and a 63% weight reduction in the LVAS.
    • Improved overall system efficiency by a factor of 2, reaching 29%.
    • The system operates at 120 mm Hg with a 7 L/min flow rate, requiring only 7.5 W input power.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed electrically driven LVAS represents a significant advancement in cardiac assist technology.
    • The use of a brushless commutator and novel polyurethane material enhances system longevity and biocompatibility.
    • Future integration with flat plate pumps is expected to yield further improvements in size, weight, and efficiency.