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Induced mood and selective attention

N Brand1, L Verspui, A Oving

  • 1Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. N.Brand@fsw.ruu.nl

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
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Mood state significantly impacts cognitive function. Elated moods enhance cognitive speed, while depressed moods slow responses but reduce errors, linking error speed to fatigue.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Affective Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Mood states are known to influence various psychological processes.
  • Understanding the precise impact of induced emotions on cognitive performance is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of experimentally induced mood states (elated, depressed, neutral) on cognitive functioning, specifically selective attention.
  • To examine how different emotional states influence response times and error rates in a cognitive task.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty subjects were randomly assigned to elated, depressed, or neutral mood-induction conditions using film clips.
  • Mood states were assessed using the Profile of Mood States (POMS).
  • Selective attention was measured using a computer-administered Stroop task.

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Main Results:

  • Mood induction significantly altered mood states, with differences observed in Anger, Tension, Depression, Vigour, and Fatigue subscales.
  • Response times on the Stroop task varied significantly across conditions: slower in the depressed group, faster in the elated group.
  • The depressed group made fewer errors on the Stroop task, but error reaction times were significantly longer, correlating with self-reported fatigue.

Conclusions:

  • Induced mood states demonstrably affect cognitive performance.
  • Depressed moods, while slowing overall responses, may enhance accuracy by reducing errors, potentially linked to increased fatigue.
  • Elated moods appear to accelerate cognitive processing speed.