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Dietary interactions between lysine and threonine in broilers

M T Kidd1, B J Kerr, N B Anthony

  • 1Nutri-Quest, Inc., Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, USA.

Poultry Science
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that increasing lysine levels in broiler diets improved weight gain and feed efficiency. Lysine and threonine interact to optimize broiler growth and breast meat yield.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Poultry Nutrition
  • Amino Acid Metabolism

Background:

  • Dietary amino acids, particularly lysine and threonine, are critical for broiler performance.
  • Optimizing amino acid levels is essential for maximizing growth, carcass quality, and feed utilization in poultry production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of varying dietary lysine and threonine levels on broiler growth, carcass traits, and immune responses.
  • To determine potential interactions between lysine and threonine in broiler diets across different growth stages.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted with a total of 6,720 broilers, utilizing a factorial arrangement of dietary lysine and threonine levels.
  • Experiment 1 focused on early-stage nutrition (1-18 days) with specific amino acid concentrations, while Experiment 2 evaluated longer-term effects (18-54 days) based on NRC (1994) recommendations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Key performance indicators measured included body weight gain, feed-to-gain ratio, mortality, carcass traits, and immune parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Increasing dietary lysine from 1.10% to 1.20% significantly improved body weight gain and feed-to-gain ratio in broilers from 1 to 18 days.
    • In Experiment 2, an interaction between lysine and threonine was observed for weight gain and breast fillet yield, with optimal results at specific NRC (1994) percentage combinations.
    • Supplemental lysine (105% of NRC) enhanced feed-to-gain ratio from 18 to 54 days and increased pre-slaughter weight, but did not affect overall carcass yield.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary lysine supplementation positively impacts broiler feed efficiency throughout the growth period, independent of threonine levels.
    • Lysine and threonine interact synergistically to enhance broiler weight gain and breast fillet yield, highlighting the importance of balanced amino acid profiles.
    • Optimal amino acid ratios, particularly lysine and threonine, are crucial for maximizing broiler performance and meat production.