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Regulation of T cell function in mucosal tolerance

G F Hoyne¹, J R Lamb

¹Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Immunology and Cell Biology

|April 1, 1997

Summary

Mucosal administration of antigens induces T cell unresponsiveness, a key mechanism for immune tolerance. This process involves regulatory T cells that control, rather than promote, antigen-specific immune responses.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Mucosal Immunity
Immunotherapy

Background:

Mucosal administration of antigens induces antigen-specific T cell unresponsiveness.
This property is being leveraged for immunotherapeutic strategies targeting disease-inducing T cell populations.
High-dose mucosal tolerance induction results in T cell anergy.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanisms underlying T cell unresponsiveness induced by mucosal antigen exposure.
To elucidate the role of regulatory T cells in modulating immune responses to mucosally delivered antigens.
To examine how T cell responses to mucosally delivered antigens are regulated.

Main Methods:

Review of recent studies on mucosal tolerance and T cell anergy.
Analysis of T cell activation and regulatory T cell induction following mucosal antigen recognition.
Examination of linked suppression mediated by regulatory T cells in vivo.

Main Results:

Mucosal antigen recognition leads to transient T cell activation.
This activation generates regulatory T cells that modulate, rather than promote, immune responses.
Regulatory T cells mediate linked suppression, controlling responses to multideterminant proteins.

Conclusions:

Mucosal tolerance induction involves regulatory T cells, not solely a lack of costimulation.
Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in controlling antigen-specific immune responses.
Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is vital for developing effective immunotherapies.

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