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Related Experiment Videos

Rectal hypersensitivity in the irritable bowel syndrome

B J Slater1, S M Plusa, A N Smith

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

International Journal of Colorectal Disease
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome exhibit rectal hypersensitivity and reduced rectal compliance. This study highlights altered rectal sensation in IBS-C patients compared to healthy controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Physiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder.
  • Rectal sensory thresholds and compliance studies in IBS have yielded conflicting results.
  • Evidence suggests rectal hypersensitivity, especially in diarrhea-predominant IBS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate rectal sensation and compliance in patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C).
  • To compare rectal sensory thresholds and compliance between IBS-C patients and healthy volunteers.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 31 IBS-C patients and 17 healthy volunteers.
  • Utilized a rectal balloon inflated with fluid at a constant rate.
  • Recorded volume and intrarectal pressure at sensory thresholds (first, constant, maximum tolerated).

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  • Calculated rectal compliance (volume/pressure).

    • Main Results:

    • IBS-C patients showed significantly lower volumes at first (129 vs 229 ml), constant (159 vs 286 ml), and maximum tolerated sensation (290 vs 509 ml) compared to controls (P < 0.001).
    • No significant difference in intrarectal pressures was observed between groups.
    • Rectal compliance was significantly reduced in IBS-C patients (3.6 vs 8.7 ml/cmH2O, P < 0.001).
    • Abdominal pain during balloon inflation was reported by 22 IBS-C patients, mimicking their symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • Constipation-predominant IBS is characterized by rectal hypersensitivity.
    • Reduced rectal compliance is a significant finding in IBS-C patients.
    • These findings suggest altered rectal sensory processing and mechanical properties in IBS-C.