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Coagulation factor changes following endurance exercise

G Rock1, P Tittley, A Pipe

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
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Marathon running significantly alters blood coagulation, increasing platelet counts and levels of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor. These changes suggest early platelet activation and potential shifts toward a prethrombotic state post-endurance exercise.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Hematology
  • Sports medicine

Background:

  • Endurance exercise, such as marathon running, can induce physiological stress.
  • Understanding the impact of prolonged exercise on coagulation is crucial for athlete health and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare pre-exercise, immediate post-exercise, and 24-hour post-exercise coagulation parameters in experienced athletes after a marathon.
  • To investigate changes in coagulation factors and platelet function following a 42-km marathon run.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected from 14 well-trained runners 18 hours before, immediately after, and 24 hours after a 42-km marathon.
  • Coagulation factors, including factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (vWF), were measured.
  • Platelet aggregation responses to various agonists and platelet-specific markers were assessed.

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Main Results:

  • Platelet count significantly increased immediately post-race and mean platelet size increased by 24 hours.
  • Platelet aggregation decreased significantly in response to collagen and epinephrine at 24 hours.
  • Levels of FVIII, vWF antigen (vWF:Ag), and ristocetin cofactor activity increased by approximately 300% post-marathon.

Conclusions:

  • Marathon running leads to significant alterations in coagulation parameters, including elevated FVIII and vWF levels.
  • Decreased platelet aggregation suggests early activation during exercise, potentially contributing to a prethrombotic state.
  • These findings highlight the complex hemostatic response to prolonged endurance exercise.