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Herpes simplex virus hepatitis: case report and review

B Kaufman1, S A Gandhi, E Louie

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Herpes simplex virus hepatitis is a rare but often fatal condition. Early diagnosis via liver biopsy and prompt antiviral treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in this severe herpesvirus infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hepatitis is an uncommon presentation of herpesvirus infections.
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) hepatitis poses diagnostic challenges and carries a high fatality rate.

Observation:

  • This study reviews 51 cases of HSV hepatitis, including one reported case.
  • Predisposing factors include pregnancy, malignancy, immunosuppression, and inhalational anesthetics.
  • Clinical signs include fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and elevated transaminases.

Findings:

  • Liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, revealing a mottled liver with minimal inflammation.
  • The condition is invariably associated with significant laboratory abnormalities.

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Implications:

  • High mortality rates underscore the need for prompt diagnosis and intervention.
  • Early treatment with acyclovir or vidarabine may lead to favorable outcomes in HSV hepatitis.