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Bacterial porins stimulate bone resorption

S Meghji1, B Henderson, S P Nair

  • 1Division of Surgical Sciences, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, United Kingdom. S.Meghji@Eastman.ucl.ac.uk

Infection and Immunity
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Gram-negative bacteria porins induce bone loss by stimulating bone resorption. This process is mediated by interleukin-1, suggesting porins contribute to bone destruction in bacterial infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Porins are outer membrane proteins in gram-negative bacteria.
  • Porins exhibit proinflammatory activities, inducing mediators like cytokines and nitric oxide.
  • Their role in bone remodeling and destruction in infections was unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if porins from Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa can induce bone resorption.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which porins affect bone cells.

Main Methods:

  • Purified porins from S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa were used.
  • Murine calvaria cultures were treated with porins and polymyxin B.
  • Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (indomethacin) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-1 receptor antagonist) were employed to study mechanisms.

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Main Results:

  • Porins induced concentration-dependent calcium loss from cultured bone.
  • Bone resorption was not inhibited by indomethacin or anti-TNF agents.
  • Porin-induced bone resorption was inhibited by IL-1 receptor antagonist.
  • The mechanism differs from lipopolysaccharide-induced bone resorption.

Conclusions:

  • Porins stimulate bone resorption through a mechanism involving IL-1.
  • Porins may contribute to bone destruction in gram-negative bacterial bone infections.
  • This highlights a novel role for bacterial porins in host tissue damage.