Whiplash and temporomandibular joint dysfunction

This article examines the relationship between Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and rear-end (whiplash) motor vehicle accidents. The clinical and statistical evidence relating TMJ damage to whiplash is reviewed. The sequence of events regarding the head, neck and jaw movements which occur in these accidents is considered. The jaw movements are discussed in detail. An analysis of the forces resulting from these movements indicates that tensile, compressive and shear forces occur which challenge the integrity of the soft tissues of the Temporomandibular joint. An overview of the mechanisms whereby damage may occur is considered. A more detailed analysis of these mechanisms will be dealt with in further articles, to evaluate the precise magnitude and direction of forces in all phases of the accident.