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Related Experiment Videos

Seasonal variations in urinary crystals

P C Hallson, G A Rose

    British Journal of Urology
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Urinary crystal formation, particularly phosphate crystals, increases in summer, especially in overnight urine. This seasonal rise in stone-formers with idiopathic hypercalciuria correlates with higher urine oxalate levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Urology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Idiopathic hypercalciuria is a common risk factor for kidney stone formation.
    • Urinary crystal aggregation is a key process in the development of kidney stones.
    • Seasonal variations in diet and fluid intake may influence urinary composition and crystal formation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate seasonal variations in urinary crystal incidence in normal subjects and patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria.
    • To correlate seasonal changes in crystal incidence with alterations in urinary composition.
    • To assess the effect of cellulose phosphate treatment on seasonal crystal patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Qualitative and quantitative analysis of urinary crystals from individual urine samples at 37°C.
    • Collection of overnight urine samples from subjects and stone-formers.
    • Analysis of urinary composition, including creatinine and oxalate concentrations.

    Main Results:

    • A significant increase in urinary crystal incidence was observed during summer months (June-August) in the overall group.
    • This summer rise was most pronounced in overnight urines, indicating increased overnight risk.
    • Untreated patients showed a dramatic increase in phosphate crystals, while cellulose phosphate treated patients had consistently higher oxalate crystals.

    Conclusions:

    • Seasonal factors, particularly during summer, contribute to an increased risk of urinary crystal formation in idiopathic hypercalciuria.
    • Elevated urinary oxalate and creatinine concentrations during summer are associated with this increased crystal incidence.
    • Cellulose phosphate treatment may alter the pattern of crystal formation, reducing phosphate crystals but maintaining elevated oxalate crystals.

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