Related Experiment Videos
Evaluation of hematological, serum biochemical and cerebrospinal fluid parameters in experimental bacterial
S Nazifi1, A Rezakhani, M Badran
1Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran.
Abstract:
To evaluate the effects of bacterial meningitis on blood and CSF parameters, an experiment was conducted with five Iranian crossbred male calves. Blood and CSF samples were collected 3 times within a 5-day interval before the administration of bacteria for obtaining control values. Following the injection of E. coli, K12 into the cerebrospinal fluid from the lumbosacral space, samples were collected and clinical signs of meningitis were observed. Blood and CSF samples were obtained from the meningitis group 3 times at 1, 3, and 5 days post injection. The treatment of the infected calves using lincospectin and tetracycline was carried out immediately after the onset of clinical signs. After the treatment, blood and CSF samples were obtained 3 times during a 5-day period. Following the induction of meningitis, the number of WBCs, neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes significantly increased (P < 0.05). However, the percent of lymphocytes decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The concentrations of glucose, potassium and activity of AST, LDH, CK significantly increased (P < 0.05). In contrast, the concentrations of phosphorous, sodium and magnesium significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, following the induction of meningitis, the CSF was slightly xantochromic and turbid. The concentrations of protein, cholesterol, phosphorous, potassium, the activities of AST, LDH, CK, and the cell numbers in the CSF increased significantly (P < 0.05). In contrast, the concentration of glucose and pH in the CSF decreased significantly (P < 0.05). This study showed that bacterial meningitis can have profound effects on blood and CSF parameters which enable one to reach diagnosis.
Insights
Bacterial meningitis significantly alters blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters in calves, with notable changes in white blood cell counts, glucose, electrolytes, and enzyme activities, aiding in diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Pathology
Background:
- Bacterial meningitis is a serious infection affecting the central nervous system.
- Understanding its impact on physiological parameters is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
- Calf models provide a valuable system for studying meningitis effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biochemical and cellular changes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following bacterial meningitis induction in calves.
- To identify key diagnostic markers for bacterial meningitis in bovine subjects.
Main Methods:
- Induction of bacterial meningitis using E. coli, K12 in five crossbred male calves.
- Collection of blood and CSF samples at multiple time points pre- and post-infection and post-treatment.
- Analysis of various hematological parameters, biochemical markers, and CSF characteristics.
Main Results:
- Significant increases in white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes, with a decrease in lymphocytes in blood.
- Alterations in blood biochemistry including increased glucose, potassium, AST, LDH, CK, and decreased phosphorous, sodium, magnesium.
- CSF analysis revealed turbidity, xantochromia, and significant increases in protein, cholesterol, potassium, AST, LDH, CK, and cell counts, alongside decreased glucose and pH.
Conclusions:
- Bacterial meningitis causes profound and measurable alterations in both blood and CSF parameters in calves.
- These specific hematological and biochemical changes serve as valuable indicators for diagnosing bacterial meningitis.
- The study highlights the diagnostic utility of monitoring blood and CSF profiles in affected animals.