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Related Experiment Videos

Expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones in elderly humans

R Schwab1, P Szabo, J S Manavalan

  • 1Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Aging significantly restricts the human T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity. Studies reveal stable, non-homologous T cell clonal expansions in older adults, suggesting selective pressures.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The diversity of the human T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire changes with age.
  • TCR complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) size profiles reflect repertoire diversity.
  • Young adults exhibit heterogeneous TCRBV CDR3 size profiles, while aged individuals show restricted profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging on the human TCR repertoire diversity.
  • To identify and characterize clonal T cell expansions in healthy aged individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of TCRBV CDR3 size profiles in aging humans.
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based approach to detect clonal T cell expansions.
  • Characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell expansions over a 2-year period.

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Main Results:

  • Aged humans exhibit a significantly restricted TCRBV CDR3 size profile compared to young adults.
  • Clonal T cell expansions were detected in all 14 healthy individuals over 65.
  • CD4+ and CD8+ T cell expansions were prevalent and stable over 2 years.
  • Specific BV families (BV3, -14, -16, -23) were frequently involved in clonal expansions.
  • Non-proportional usage of BV families suggests selective pressure on expanded T cell clones, despite lack of CDR3 sequence homology.

Conclusions:

  • Aging leads to a contraction of the TCR repertoire diversity in humans.
  • Stable, persistent clonal T cell expansions are a hallmark of the aged immune system.
  • Selective pressures likely shape the TCR repertoire in aging, favoring specific T cell clones.