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Seasonal variations in lower extremity amputation

D G Armstrong1, L A Lavery, W H van Houtum

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA.

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery : Official Publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Seasonal variations in lower-extremity amputations were observed. Diabetic patients had more amputations in spring, while nondiabetic patients had more in winter. Fall saw the fewest amputations for both groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations are a significant complication, particularly in diabetic patients.
  • Understanding seasonal patterns may inform preventative strategies and resource allocation.
  • Previous research has not extensively explored seasonal variations in amputation rates across diabetic and nondiabetic populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate seasonal differences in nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations.
  • To compare amputation seasonality between diabetic and nondiabetic adult populations.
  • To analyze amputation seasonality across different levels (foot, leg, thigh).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 14,555 nontraumatic amputations in New York State during 1990-1991.

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  • Data abstraction from a state-supplied database.
  • Categorization of amputations by level (foot, leg, thigh) and season.

    • Main Results:

    • Spring was the most common season for amputations in diabetic patients (27.0%), while winter was most common for nondiabetic patients (27.3%).
    • Fewer foot amputations occurred in winter for diabetic patients compared to nondiabetic patients (24.5% vs. 28.2%).
    • Fall was the least common amputation season for both groups. Diabetic patients more frequently had vascular disease (74.6% vs. 54.9%).

    Conclusions:

    • Seasonal variations in lower-extremity amputations exist between diabetic and nondiabetic individuals.
    • Cold weather, potentially limiting activity, may offer a protective effect against amputations in diabetic patients.
    • Findings suggest a role for activity modification in preventing diabetic foot complications and amputations.