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Endometrial cancer

K M Greven1, B W Corn

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

Current Problems in Cancer
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Endometrial cancer, the most common gynecologic malignancy, is treated with hysterectomy and potentially radiation. Advanced therapies are being investigated for improved outcomes in uterine corpus carcinoma.

Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Medical Oncology

Background:

  • Endometrial cancer is the most prevalent gynecologic malignancy in the US.
  • Adenocarcinoma is the most common type, but aggressive variants exist.
  • Risk factors include tamoxifen, obesity, and unopposed estrogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of endometrial cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment.
  • To discuss established and investigational therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current staging systems (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics).
  • Analysis of established treatments: hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and irradiation.
  • Evaluation of adjuvant therapy based on prognostic factors.
  • Overview of investigational strategies including whole-abdomen irradiation, extended-field irradiation, and systemic chemotherapy.

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Main Results:

  • Survival is correlated with tumor stage.
  • Hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is the primary treatment.
  • Irradiation is a highly effective therapy, even as standalone treatment for medically inoperable patients.
  • Adjuvant pelvic irradiation is used for selected patients post-hysterectomy.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment decisions for endometrial cancer are guided by staging and patient-specific factors.
  • Established treatments include surgery and radiation.
  • Investigational approaches focus on advanced irradiation techniques and systemic chemotherapy agents like cisplatin, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and progestins.