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Maximum interlabial pressures in normal speakers

V A Hinton1, W M Arokiasamy

  • 1Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, USA.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
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Normal speakers use less than 20% of their maximum available orofacial muscle forces during speech. This study measured interlabial contact pressures, confirming typical speech requires minimal force for lip closure.

Area of Science:

  • Speech Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Phonetics

Background:

  • Previous hypotheses suggested speech movements utilize minimal orofacial muscle forces.
  • Direct evidence quantifying these forces, specifically interlabial contact pressure, was lacking.
  • Understanding speech force requirements is crucial for speech production and motor control research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the percentage of maximum interlabial contact pressures (MILP) used during typical speech.
  • To provide direct empirical evidence for the hypothesis on low force usage in speech.
  • To determine if jaw movement influences the required interlabial pressure during bilabial closure.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of interlabial contact pressures during the production of the phone [p].

Related Experiment Videos

  • Speech tasks were performed at conversational rate and intensity.
  • Experiments were conducted with and without restriction of jaw movement to isolate bilabial closure forces.

    • Main Results:

    • Normal speakers utilized an average of 10.56% of maximum available interlabial pressure (MILP) when jaw movement was unrestricted.
    • When jaw movement was eliminated, speakers used an average of 14.62% of MILP.
    • Both conditions confirm that typical speech production employs less than 20% of available interlabial force.

    Conclusions:

    • Normal speech production requires significantly less than 20% of maximum available interlabial contact pressure.
    • The findings support the hypothesis that speech movements are not force-intensive.
    • Jaw movement has a moderate effect on the interlabial pressure required for bilabial closure during speech.