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Temporary tracheobronchial stenting in malignant stenoses

C Witt¹, S Dinges, B Schmidt

¹Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical School (Charité), Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.

European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)

|February 1, 1997

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Temporary endobronchial stents offer a new strategy for malignant stenosis, improving breathing. Stents can be removed after successful tumor treatment, providing palliation for severe dyspnea when treatment is ineffective.

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Oncology
Interventional Pulmonology

Background:

Malignant stenoses of the airways often cause severe dyspnea.
Endobronchial stents are used for palliation of malignant airway obstructions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of temporary endobronchial stent placement combined with tumor-specific therapy.
To assess the feasibility of stent removal after successful tumor reduction.

Main Methods:

Prospective study involving 22 patients with severe malignant airway strictures.
Implantation of 34 endobronchial stents (various types).
Stent placement followed by radiotherapy (18 patients) or chemotherapy (4 patients).

Main Results:

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Significant improvement in dyspnea (P < 0.001) and partial oxygen pressure (P < 0.01).
Successful stent removal in 50% of cases (11/22) after tumor-specific therapy.
Mean interval for stent removal was 31.7 days; mean survival for non-removable stents was 132 days.

Conclusions:

Temporary endobronchial stenting is a valuable strategy to bridge the gap until tumor-specific therapy takes effect.
Definite stenting is a palliative option for severe dyspnea in bronchial carcinoma when tumor-specific therapy is ineffective.
Stent removal is feasible in a significant proportion of patients, improving outcomes.