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[Panic attack and panic disorder in the child and adolescent]
1Centre Philippe Paumelle, Paris.
L'Encephale
|December 1, 1996
Summary
Adolescence is the peak onset for panic disorder, often presenting as physical symptoms in youth. Early separation anxiety and puberty stages correlate with increased risk and development of this condition.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
Context:
- Growing interest in adult panic disorder has spurred research into its pediatric and adolescent manifestations.
- Studies reviewed include retrospective adult cases, clinical reports, and epidemiological data on youth.
Purpose:
- To synthesize current research on the onset, prevalence, and risk factors of panic disorder in children and adolescents.
- To highlight the underdiagnosis of panic disorder presenting as physical symptoms in younger populations.
Summary:
- Adolescence is the primary age for panic disorder onset, with a higher incidence in girls.
- Pubertal development (Tanner stages) correlates with increased panic attack frequency.
- Childhood separation anxiety and traits of anxiety, avoidance, and depression are significant risk factors.
Impact:
- Early identification and intervention are crucial, as untreated panic disorder can lead to chronic anxiety, depression, and substance abuse.
- Recognizing panic disorder in adolescents is vital for appropriate diagnosis and management.
- Panic disorder onset may signal underlying depressive personality traits.
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