[Gene-directed biologically active substances (antisense oligonucleotides and their derivatives)]

Area of Science:

• Bioengineering
• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry

Context:

• Review of eight years of research funded by the Russian State Scientific and Technical Program "New Methods in Bioengineering".
• Focus on novel oligonucleotide-based strategies for molecular targeting and manipulation.

Purpose:

• To describe new addressing constructions utilizing tandem oligonucleotides on target nucleic acids.
• To present methods for enhancing oligonucleotide reactivity through effector molecules and tandem formation.
• To introduce oligonucleotide derivatives, including a bleomycin-based reagent for catalytic nucleic acid cleavage.

Summary:

• Novel oligonucleotide tandems demonstrate enhanced reactivity via stabilization with polyaromatic systems or reaction center formation.
• Oligonucleotide derivatives, such as a bleomycin-based reagent, enable catalytic cleavage of target nucleic acids.
• Evidence supports oligonucleotide interactions with cellular proteins, including T-helper CD4 receptor, immunoglobulins, and growth factors.

Impact:

• Potential for advanced bioengineering tools with improved specificity and efficacy.
• Discovery of new receptor proteins (T-helper CD4) and understanding of oligonucleotide-protein interactions.
• Foundation for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies utilizing oligonucleotide conjugates.