Geographic distribution of Gongylonema pulchrum and Gongylonema macrogubernaculum from Macaca fuscata in Japan

After a first report on the gullet nematode, Gongylonema pulchrum Molin, 1857, being found in the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata, in Kyushu, Japan, the geographic distribution of the parasite, a causative agent of gongylonemiasis in cattle and man, was examined in 181 monkeys transferred to the Japan. Monkey Centre from 23 sites in Japan, including Yaku-shima (Island). Yaku-shima is included in the World Natural Heritage List of the United Nations for its subtropical forests, which have an unusual variety of plant and animal species. G. pulchrum was found in M. fuscata yakui monkeys inhabiting Yaku-shima and M. fuscata fuscata monkeys inhabiting Honshu and an is and near Honshu. G. macrogubernaculum was found in M. fuscata yakui monkeys. Comparison of the two kinds of parasite specimens obtained from the variety M. fuscata yakui confirmed that G. macrogubernaculum Lubimov, 1931 is a valid species. Thus, the finding of G. macrogubernaculum constitutes a record of a newly identified host. M. fuscata yakui, and shows that Yaku-shima, Japan, is a natural locality of G. macrogubernaculum.