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Differences in symptom structure between panic attack and limited symptom panic attack: a study using cluster

T Shioiri1, T Someya, K Fujii

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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This study suggests a distinct subgroup of panic disorder (PD) patients may experience limited symptom panic attacks (LPA), differing from full panic attacks (PA) in symptom structure.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by panic attacks (PA).
  • Limited symptom panic attacks (LPA) are defined by fewer symptoms than PA.
  • Current diagnostic criteria consider LPA a subset of PA, but emerging research suggests a distinct subgroup.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics differentiating panic attacks (PA) and limited symptom panic attacks (LPA) in Japanese outpatients.
  • To explore if LPA represents a distinct subgroup within panic disorder using cluster analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A 13-year study of over 250 Japanese outpatients diagnosed with panic disorder.
  • Cluster analysis was applied to 247 PD patients to examine symptom structures.

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  • Symptoms analyzed included anticipatory anxiety, agoraphobia, and 13 clinical symptoms based on DSM-III-R criteria.

    • Main Results:

    • Cluster analysis revealed distinct symptom structures for PA and LPA groups.
    • The PA group formed clusters of three panic symptoms.
    • The LPA group formed clusters of four panic symptoms, indicating differences in symptom presentation.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that limited symptom panic attacks (LPA) may represent a distinct subgroup within panic disorder.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the clinical implications of this potential LPA subgroup.
    • This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of panic disorder symptomatology.