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Immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes in nephrotic syndrome
O P Mishra1, R Garg, Usha
1Department of Pediatrics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|April 1, 1997
Summary
Children with active nephrotic syndrome show decreased IgG and increased IgM, while remission brings different immunoglobulin changes. Circulating immune complexes are elevated, particularly in relapsing cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Immunology
Background:
- Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a complex kidney disorder in children.
- Immunoglobulin and immune complex alterations are implicated in INS pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) and circulating immune complex (CIC) levels in children with INS.
- To compare these levels between active disease, remission, and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 40 children with INS and 20 healthy controls were analyzed.
- Immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM) and CIC levels (using PEG per cent index) were quantified.
Main Results:
- Active nephrotic syndrome (ANS) showed decreased IgG, normal IgA, and increased IgM compared to controls.
- Remission stages exhibited increased IgG, decreased IgA, and decreased IgM compared to ANS values.
- Elevated CIC levels were observed in ANS patients, significantly higher in relapsing cases.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal immunoglobulin levels are present in both active and remission stages of childhood INS.
- Elevated CIC levels are specifically associated with relapsing nephrotic syndrome, suggesting a role in disease activity.