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Charge properties of low density lipoprotein subclasses
M La Belle1, P J Blanche, R M Krauss
1Department of Molecular and Nuclear Medicine, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
Journal of Lipid Research
|April 1, 1997
Summary
Small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles (pattern B) exhibit higher surface charge and mobility than large LDL particles (pattern A). This difference is attributed to charge properties and enrichment of smaller, denser LDL in pattern B.
Area of Science:
- Lipid Metabolism
- Biophysics
- Cardiovascular Science
Background:
- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size and density are critical determinants of cardiovascular risk.
- Understanding the charge characteristics of LDL is essential for elucidating its atherogenic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitate the charge characteristics of LDL particles in subjects with predominant large LDL (pattern A) versus small LDL (pattern B).
- To investigate the relationship between LDL size, density, and surface charge properties.
Main Methods:
- Electrophoretic mobility and particle size measurements of LDL.
- Application of standard electrokinetic theory to determine LDL charge characteristics.
- Comparison of LDL subfractions based on density and size.
Main Results:
- Pattern B LDL demonstrated significantly higher mobility, surface potential, and charge density compared to pattern A LDL.
- No significant difference in particle valence was observed between pattern A and pattern B LDL.
- Increased surface potential and charge density in pattern B LDL were linked to both intrinsic particle properties and enrichment of smaller, denser LDL subfractions.
Conclusions:
- The greater electrophoretic mobility of pattern B LDL is due to a similar net charge on a smaller particle size.
- LDL particle size and density significantly influence surface charge characteristics, impacting atherogenic potential.
- Neuraminidase treatment reduced LDL charge parameters but did not eliminate pattern A vs. pattern B differences, suggesting multiple charged components.