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Related Experiment Videos

Visual imagery and defensive processes

M J Horowitz

    International Journal of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a model of how patients express avoided thoughts and feelings in therapy. It details cognitive strategies therapists can use to help patients consciously overcome unconscious defenses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Psychotherapy
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Patients often avoid certain ideas and feelings during therapy.
    • These avoided elements can manifest through words, images, or actions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a conceptual model of defensive processes in therapy.
    • To describe cognitive maneuvers regulating image formation in patients.
    • To guide therapists in helping patients consciously override unconscious defenses.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptualizing defensive processes as information processing decisions.
    • Detailing cognitive maneuvers involved in image formation.
    • Specifying operations for therapist observation and interpretation.

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    Main Results:

    • Defensive processes can be understood as information processing at system boundaries.
    • Cognitive maneuvers regulate the formation of mental images.
    • Therapist interventions can facilitate conscious choice over unconscious defenses.

    Conclusions:

    • A model of representational systems offers insight into unconscious defense mechanisms.
    • Understanding cognitive maneuvers aids in therapeutic interpretation.
    • Therapists can leverage this model to empower patients in overcoming defenses.