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Allergic fungal sinusitis: clinicopathological characteristics
A Chhabra1, K K Handa, A Chakrabarti
1Department of ENT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Mycoses
|November 1, 1996
Summary
Allergic fungal sinusitis, often missed, involves fungal hypersensitivity in nasal polyps. Diagnosis requires specific tests, and treatment includes surgery and topical steroids to prevent recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Allergy Immunology
Background:
- Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is an emerging condition within paranasal sinus mycoses.
- Diagnosis of AFS can be challenging despite its prevalence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the diagnostic criteria and clinical features of allergic fungal sinusitis.
- To report on the management and outcomes of patients with AFS.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 28 allergic nasal polyposis cases over two years.
- Diagnosis based on Type I hypersensitivity, eosinophilic mucus, direct microscopy of hyphae, and fungal culture.
- Histopathology excluded tissue fungal invasion.
Main Results:
- 11 of 28 patients (39%) were diagnosed with AFS.
- Aspergillus flavus was the most common fungus isolated (9/11 patients).
- Associated conditions included asthma (5/11) and proptosis (4/11), with nasal obstruction in all.
Conclusions:
- AFS is a significant subgroup of allergic nasal polyposis.
- Multifaceted diagnostic approach is crucial for identifying AFS.
- Surgical debridement combined with topical steroids is effective for managing AFS and preventing recurrence.
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