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Related Experiment Videos

Contrast sensitivity in diabetic pregnancy

T Hellstedt1, R Kaaja, K Teramo

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Contrast sensitivity is reduced in pregnant women with diabetic retinopathy. Even minor changes in diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy significantly decrease contrast sensitivity, indicating its value as an early indicator.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Diabetology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes, potentially worsening during pregnancy.
  • Assessing changes in visual function like contrast sensitivity is crucial for monitoring DR progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between contrast sensitivity and retinopathy progression in pregnant women with mild background DR.
  • To determine if contrast sensitivity changes correlate with microaneurysm (MA) development or increase during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Contrast sensitivity was measured using the Vistech 6500 Contrast Test System in 22 type 1 diabetic women and 10 healthy controls at 12 and 32 weeks gestation and 3 months postpartum.
  • Red-free fundus photography was used to assess retinopathy, specifically microaneurysms (MAs) and hemorrhages.

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Main Results:

  • Diabetic women exhibited lower contrast sensitivity at 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 cycles per degree (cpd) compared to controls throughout pregnancy.
  • Decreased contrast sensitivity at 1.5 and 6.0 cpd was observed in patients with >5 new MAs during pregnancy.
  • Contrast sensitivity reduction at 6 cpd correlated with increased MA count, and at 6 and 12 cpd with a baseline MA count of ≥2.

Conclusions:

  • Contrast sensitivity, particularly at low to mid-spatial frequencies, is diminished in pregnant women with mild diabetic retinopathy.
  • Subtle alterations in diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy are detectable through changes in contrast sensitivity.
  • Contrast sensitivity serves as a sensitive marker for monitoring minimal background diabetic retinopathy progression.