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Updated: Aug 4, 2026
Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
Published on: August 17, 2022
[Intracranial endoscopic operations with ultrasonographic support in pediatric neurosurgery (the potentials and
Insights
Intracranial endoscopic surgery shows promise for treating pediatric occlusive hydrocephalus and intracranial hematomas. While hydrocephalus treatment had some complications, hematoma procedures were complication-free, highlighting optimal surgical system use.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Pediatric Surgery
- Minimally Invasive Procedures
Background:
- Occlusive hydrocephalus and intracranial hematomas are significant pediatric neurological conditions.
- Endoscopic techniques offer minimally invasive surgical options for these conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the outcomes of intracranial endoscopic operations in children for occlusive hydrocephalus and intracranial hematomas.
- To discuss indications, contraindications, equipment, and optimal techniques for these procedures.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 65 endoscopic interventions for occlusive hydrocephalus and 11 for intracranial hematomas in children.
- Evaluation of surgical techniques including flexible endoscopy, ultrasound-stereotactic guidance, and dual-maneuver control.
Main Results:
- Occlusive hydrocephalus cases: 38% stabilization, 15% complications, 3% mortality, with follow-up up to 8 years.
- Intracranial hematoma cases: No complications reported after planned endoscopic operations.
- Optimal outcomes associated with combined endoscopic visualization and intraoperative ultrasonographic monitoring.
Conclusions:
- Intracranial endoscopic operations are a viable treatment for pediatric occlusive hydrocephalus and intracranial hematomas.
- Careful patient selection and advanced endoscopic systems are crucial for successful outcomes, particularly in hematoma management.
Abstract:
The outcomes of intracranial endoscopic operations for occlusive hydrocephalus (65 interventions in 60 children) and intracranial hematomas (11 operations in 10 children) are analyzed. Indications and contraindications for intracranial endoscopic operations, equipment supply, specific features of their performance, and outcomes are discussed. In occlusive hydrocephalus, the outcomes were as follows: hydrocephalus stabilization (38%), complications (15%), mortality (3%), the follow-up lasting as long as 8 years. The dynamic evaluation of the intracranial status (clinical and sound monitoring) is the obligatory condition of intracranial endoscopic operations made for intracranial hematomas. There were no complications in children with intracranial hematomas after planned intracranial endoscopic operations. The application of flexible distal end-controlled endoscopic, ultrasound-stereotactically aimed, and double-maneuver-controlled systems (visual examination through the optic system of an endoscope in combination with intraoperative ultrasonographic monitoring) was shown to be optimal during intracranial endoscopic operations.
