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Related Experiment Videos

Pulmonary tuberculosis after lung transplantation

L L Schulman1, B Scully, C C McGregor

  • 1Department of Medicine, College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA.

Chest
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Donor lungs can transmit tuberculosis (TB) to lung transplant recipients. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for successful outcomes in these immunocompromised patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Transplantation immunology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Lung transplantation is a life-saving procedure for end-stage lung disease.
  • Immunosuppression post-transplantation increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern, posing a risk in transplant settings.

Observation:

  • Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 2% of 94 lung and heart-lung transplant recipients over 5 years.
  • Infections occurred approximately 3 months post-transplantation, suggesting donor-to-recipient transmission.
  • Radiographic findings were subtle, including bronchial narrowing and small pulmonary nodules.

Findings:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission from donor lungs to recipients was confirmed.
  • The infection involved bronchial mucosa, pulmonary parenchyma, and pleura.
  • Both patients responded completely to antituberculous therapy with clinical and radiographic resolution.

Implications:

  • Donor-to-recipient transmission of TB is a potential complication of lung transplantation.
  • Vigilance for TB in lung transplant recipients, even with subtle presentations, is essential.
  • Prompt antituberculous treatment is effective in managing post-transplant TB.

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