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Related Experiment Videos

Developmental changes in speed of information processing in young children

L T Miller1, P A Vernon

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, Elborn College, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. miller@audio.hhcru.uwo.ca

Developmental Psychology
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Processing speed increases significantly in children aged 4-6 compared to adults, supporting a global developmental trend. This trend extends beyond verbal skills, as shown by nonverbal stimuli testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Processing speed is a key indicator of cognitive development.
  • Previous models, like R. Kail's (1991), have attempted to explain developmental changes in processing speed.
  • Research has primarily focused on verbal stimuli, leaving the role of nonverbal processing less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate developmental increases in processing speed in young children using nonverbal stimuli.
  • To evaluate the predictive accuracy of R. Kail's (1991) model and R. Kail and Y. Park's (1992) parameter estimates.
  • To determine if developmental trends in processing speed extend beyond verbal skills.

Main Methods:

  • A battery of 8 computer-administered tests was used to measure processing speed.

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  • Participants included 34 children at 4 years, 37 at 5 years, 38 at 6 years, and 43 adults.
  • Nonverbal stimuli were exclusively used to assess processing speed.

    • Main Results:

    • Clear age-related increases in processing speed were observed in children.
    • These increases were not attributable to enhanced accuracy or better error monitoring.
    • R. Kail's (1991) model generally fit the data, but R. Kail and Y. Park's (1992) estimates offered superior predictive accuracy.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support the global developmental trend hypothesis for processing speed.
    • This developmental trend is evident even when using nonverbal stimuli.
    • The study highlights the robustness of processing speed development across different cognitive domains.