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Structure and function of 10Sa RNA: trans-translation system

A Muto1, M Sato, T Tadaki

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hirosaki University, Japan.

Biochimie
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial 10Sa RNA, functioning as both tRNA and mRNA, facilitates tag-peptide synthesis. This supports the trans-translation model, where 10Sa RNA aids in completing truncated protein synthesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Genetics

Background:

  • 10Sa RNA is a small, stable bacterial RNA with a tRNA-like structure.
  • It is aminoacylatable with alanine and interacts with 70S ribosomes.
  • Escherichia coli 10Sa RNA encodes tag-peptides, which attach to truncated peptides in vivo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of E. coli 10Sa RNA in protein synthesis.
  • To determine if 10Sa RNA stimulates the incorporation of tag-specific amino acids.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro translation system using poly(U)-directed poly-phenylalanine synthesis.
  • Assaying the incorporation of tag-specific amino acids into proteins.

Main Results:

  • E. coli 10Sa RNA significantly stimulates the incorporation of tag-specific amino acids.

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  • This stimulation is dependent on the poly(U)-directed poly-phenylalanine synthesis.

    • Conclusions:

    • Findings support the 'trans-translation' model for tag-peptide synthesis.
    • Alanyl-10Sa RNA likely enters the ribosome when translation halts at mRNA lacking a stop codon.
    • 10Sa RNA uniquely functions as both a transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) in this process.