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Herpes simplex virus in primary graft failure

G C Cockerham1, A E Krafft, I W McLean

  • 1Department of Ophthalmic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA.

Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA was detected in 2 of 3 primary corneal graft failures, suggesting HSV-1 may cause some cases. Further research is needed to confirm HSV-1 as a causative factor in primary graft failure.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Corneal graft failure can occur due to various factors.
  • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a known cause of keratitis.
  • The role of HSV-1 in primary corneal graft failure is not well-established.

Observation:

  • A retrospective analysis of 106 corneal graft failures from 1970-1995 was conducted.
  • Three cases met the definition of primary graft failure.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blotting were used to detect herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA.

Findings:

  • HSV-1 DNA was detected in 2 out of 3 primary corneal graft failures.
  • Control cases of suspected herpetic keratitis also showed HSV-1 positivity.

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  • Histopathological examination revealed inflammation and stromal necrosis in one case, and endothelial cell loss in another.

    • Implications:

    • The presence of HSV-1 DNA in primary graft failures suggests its potential pathogenicity.
    • Further research is needed to confirm HSV-1 as a causative factor in primary corneal graft failure.
    • Understanding the role of HSV-1 could lead to targeted prevention and treatment strategies.