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Related Experiment Videos

Rifampin preventive therapy for tuberculosis infection: experience with 157 adolescents

M E Villarino1, R Ridzon, P C Weismuller

  • 1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

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Rifampin preventive therapy for isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis is well-tolerated and accepted. This treatment appears effective in preventing active disease in exposed students.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis necessitates alternative preventive strategies.
  • Rifampin is recommended for preventing active tuberculosis in this population.
  • Adverse effects and acceptability of rifampin prophylaxis are not well-characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of rifampin preventive therapy.
  • To assess adverse events and patient acceptance in students exposed to isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 157 high-school students exposed to isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis.
  • Prescription of 24-week rifampin preventive therapy (10 mg/kg daily).

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  • Monitoring of adverse effects, therapy interruptions, and occurrence of active tuberculosis.

    • Main Results:

    • 26% of students reported adverse effects; 1.3% had therapy permanently stopped.
    • 2.5% experienced elevated alanine aminotransferase levels.
    • No active tuberculosis cases were observed; rifampin showed an estimated 56% protective effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Rifampin preventive therapy is well-tolerated and accepted in this cohort.
    • Rifampin appears effective in preventing active tuberculosis in individuals exposed to isoniazid-resistant strains.
    • Further research into long-term outcomes and specific adverse event profiles is warranted.