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Related Experiment Videos

Europa's differentiated internal structure: inferences from two Galileo encounters

J D Anderson1, E L Lau, W L Sjogren

  • 1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 23, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Galileo spacecraft data reveal Europa

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Geophysics
  • Astrobiology

Background:

  • Europa, Jupiter's moon, is a prime candidate for extraterrestrial life.
  • Understanding Europa's internal structure is crucial for assessing its habitability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine Europa's external gravitational field.
  • To infer the moon's internal structure and composition.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Doppler data from the Galileo spacecraft's radio carrier wave.
  • Measurements during two Europa encounters (E4 and E6).

Main Results:

  • Europa possesses a thick outer shell (100–200 km) of water ice and liquid.
  • The moon's deep interior has a density exceeding 4000 kg/m³.
  • A metallic core (radius ~40% of Europa's) surrounded by a rock mantle (3000–3500 kg/m³) is a possible internal configuration.

Conclusions:

  • Europa's structure suggests a subsurface ocean beneath an icy crust.
  • The presence of a metallic core is supported by the possibility of a magnetic field.
  • These findings have implications for Europa's potential to host life.

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