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Cytokines in acute and chronic inflammation
1Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, E1109 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Feghali@novell1.dept-med.pitt.edu
Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|January 1, 1997
Summary
This review details cytokines, key protein messengers in inflammation. It categorizes cytokines involved in acute and chronic inflammatory responses and their receptors.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Inflammation involves soluble factors called cytokines.
- Cytokines are classified into those mediating acute and chronic inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the roles of specific cytokines in acute inflammation.
- To describe the involvement of cytokines in chronic inflammation, including humoral and cellular responses.
- To summarize the features of cytokine cell-surface receptors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of cytokines and their roles in inflammation.
- Categorization of cytokines based on their involvement in acute and chronic inflammatory processes.
- Analysis of cytokine involvement in humoral and cellular immune responses.
Main Results:
- Identified key cytokines in acute inflammation: IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-11, IL-8, chemokines, G-CSF, GM-CSF.
- Detailed cytokines in chronic inflammation, including those for humoral (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-13) and cellular (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, interferons, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha/beta) responses.
- Highlighted cytokines like IL-1 that participate in both acute and chronic inflammation.
- Summarized the function of cell-surface receptors in mediating cytokine effects.
Conclusions:
- Cytokines are crucial mediators of both acute and chronic inflammation.
- Distinct and overlapping cytokine profiles characterize acute and chronic inflammatory states.
- Understanding cytokine-receptor interactions is key to inflammatory pathway modulation.