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Overview of severe mental illness

D L Johnson1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX 77204-5341, USA.

Clinical Psychology Review
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Severe mental illnesses cause long-term disability. While biological factors are key, stress management and psychosocial treatments remain crucial for managing relapse and improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Severe mental illnesses are characterized by persistence and significant disability.
  • Current classification shows improved reliability but lacks validity.
  • Biological origins are emphasized, yet psychological factors like stress are vital for relapse management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges in understanding and treating severe mental illnesses.
  • To highlight the role of psychological factors in treatment and relapse.
  • To assess the impact of current and future treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of etiological formulations and treatment strategies.
  • Analysis of the impact of psychological features on treatment adherence and relapse.
  • Evaluation of psychopharmacological and psychosocial treatment efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Despite improved classification reliability, validity remains a challenge.
  • Psychological factors, particularly stress, significantly influence relapse.
  • Patient noncompliance and risk behaviors complicate treatment.
  • Psychopharmacological advances show promise but do not negate the need for psychosocial interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Effective treatment of severe mental illnesses requires integrated biological and psychological approaches.
  • Psychosocial interventions remain essential alongside pharmacotherapy.
  • Continued research is needed for improved treatment development, with encouraging prospects.

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