[Lipid factors and evolution of the atherosclerotic plaque: review of recent trials]

A beneficial impact of lipid-lowering therapy on the incidence of coronary artery disease has been demonstrated in several clinical trials. It has been suggested that lipid lowering therapy not only slows the progression of atherosclerotic lesions, but also promotes its regression. Furthermore, reduced levels of circulating cholesterol (total cholesterol as well as LDL fraction) might decrease plaque volume and growth, restore endothelial function and thus reduce vasomotor tone. The obtained increased plaque stability reduces the risk of disruption and subsequent cardiovascular events. Ongoing ultrasonographic and angioscopic studies will provided further insights into the disease itself and its management.