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Related Experiment Videos

Herpes simplex virus and pregnancy

M Forsgren1, G Malm

  • 1Division of Clinical Virology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. Supplementum
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal herpes poses significant risks to infants, even when mothers lack typical symptoms. Early detection and treatment are crucial, but prevention remains challenging due to asymptomatic maternal infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are common in pregnant women.
  • Neonatal herpes can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality in infants.
  • Antiviral therapies are available but do not eliminate the risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in recognizing and preventing neonatal herpes transmission.
  • To analyze the characteristics of neonatal herpes based on HSV type and transmission route.
  • To discuss the limitations of current preventive strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Follow-up study of neonatal herpes cases in Sweden.
  • Analysis of clinical presentation, HSV type (HSV-1 vs. HSV-2), and transmission patterns.
  • Comparison of outcomes based on primary vs. recurrent maternal infection.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half of neonatal herpes cases involved mothers and infants without typical herpes symptoms.
  • Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections were more frequently atypical or asymptomatic than HSV-1.
  • HSV-2 infections had more severe outcomes, often without skin lesions in infants.
  • Neonatal herpes from recurrent maternal infection had longer incubation and brain localization.
  • Primary infections typically presented as disseminated disease with shorter incubation periods.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical recognition of transmission risk factors in mothers is often not possible.
  • Asymptomatic maternal infections complicate prevention efforts for neonatal herpes.
  • Effective prevention strategies for neonatal herpes require addressing subclinical maternal infections.

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