Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.6K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
40.6K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

225
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
225
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

272
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
272
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

299
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
299
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

5.6K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.6K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

4.4K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The "pseudo-cholangiocarcinoma sign" in patients with cavernous transformation of the portal vein and its effect on the serum alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels.

The American journal of gastroenterology·1995
Same author

Treatment of hepatitis C virus in elderly persons with interferon alpha.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences·1995
Same author

Retraction. Successful treatment of end stage liver disease due to hepatitis C prior to liver transplantation.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)·1995
Same author

Utility of hepatitis C virus RNA determinations in hepatic tissue as an end point for interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis C.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)·1995
Same author

Source of oxygen free radicals produced by rat hepatocytes during postanoxic reoxygenation.

Biochimica et biophysica acta·1995
Same author

The use of interferon for the treatment of viral hepatitis in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association·1995

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.0K

Hepatic osteodystrophy: a review

R Idilman1, N de Maria, O Uzunalimoglu

  • 1Transplant Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.

Hepato-Gastroenterology
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Hepatic osteodystrophy (HO) is a metabolic bone disease common in chronic liver disease, combining osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Early prevention is crucial as advanced HO impacts patient prognosis and quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Hepatic osteodystrophy (HO) is a metabolic bone disease associated with chronic liver disease.
  • It involves varying combinations of osteoporosis and osteomalacia.
  • HO is particularly prevalent in patients with cholestasis and long-term hepatic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatic osteodystrophy.
  • To highlight the clinical significance of HO in chronic liver disease.
  • To emphasize the need for preventative strategies against bone disease in liver patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hepatic osteodystrophy.
  • Analysis of physiopathological mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

88.3K
A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
11:47

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

12.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.0K
Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

88.3K
A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
11:47

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

12.2K
  • Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • HO presents a variable mix of osteoporosis and osteomalacia.
    • It is a frequent complication, especially in cholestatic liver disease.
    • Advanced HO poses treatment challenges and worsens patient outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatic osteodystrophy requires careful management in chronic liver disease.
    • Preventing clinical bone disease is essential for improving patient quality of life and prognosis.
    • Further research into HO pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.